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Cover Story

Looking across the farmland at Ho’opili towards Pearl Harbor from Kapolei side of North South Rd
Image: Mike Hinchey

War on the Environment

In its rush to fast-track development, Hawai‘i’s moneyed elite has gone too far

Cover

Cover image for Aug 1, 2012

Here is a history of Hawai’i 2012 in one sentence: What began as a fight over the Honolulu Rail became a raging battle over environmental regulation, which in turn became an all-out political war over land and power.

If it is distressing that only one person — Ben Cayetano — is in a position to bend the arc of this story, it is nonetheless the reality of the vote on August 11.


The scene for this potentially history-making event was set in 2010, when the new mayor and new governor became overnight cheerleaders for the Rail. Peter Carlisle had campaigned on pinching the City’s pennies, then rushed to commit nearly two billion dollars to the Rail. Neil Abercrombie had campaigned on sustainability, then instantly signed off on the Rail EIS, thereby surrendering both his leverage and his misgivings.

Who knows what went through Carlisle’s mind, but clearly Abercrombie had experienced a toxic shock resulting from his discovery that the State government was on the brink of insolvency. His answer was to abandon the niceties of sustainability and attempt to accelerate State revenues by embracing development.

The single most telling moment in this drama was the departure of the four young idealists who got Abercrombie elected — most importantly his policy adviser, Andrew Aoki, the primary author of the sustainability narrative entitled “A New Day in Hawaii.” The office was taken over by Bruce Coppa, who now runs much of the State government. For the many voters who do not know of Bruce, his previous credential was fusing the power of the construction trade unions and the development industry through the Pacific Resources Partnership (PRP).

Subsequently Abercrombie’s single most telling policy shift (after the Rail EIS) was his support for subdividing the best farm lands of Ewa — the lands that the developer D.R. Horton has succeeded in renaming Ho’opili. With the construction trade unions providing the muscle, and the development industry providing the money, the Siamese Twins of Rail and the subdividing of Ewa have raced forward, their progress partially obscured by the cover of HART (Rail) and the State Land Use Commission (Ho’opili), each of which is populated by pleasant and intelligent individuals whose livelihoods derive from development, construction and finance.

During the shambling disaster of the 2012 Legislature, the Rail dispute spread like a contagion, transforming into a multi-front battle over environmental regulation. In brief, this was about disabling the State of Hawaii’s system of environmental management in the interest of developing as much as possible as soon as possible, a conflict that will resume in the 2013 Legislature.

The other side of this story is more obvious. As the public belatedly learned about the blight, cost, and mismanagement of Rail, voter support for the great venture dwindled. Nonetheless the project — at least spending for the project — moved forward while Cayetano seethed in the spectator’s box. Having served as a Transportation Committee chair in the Legislature, and also having overseen the State Transportation Department in his eight years as governor (1994-2002), Cayetano had well-formed views on transit, government finance and the environment, none of which included elevated steel rail. After joining in the Federal Court lawsuit against rail in 2011, he concluded that it might be slowed in court but not stopped. It could only be stopped at the ballot box. With Senator Clayton Hee, he opposed the Ho’opili rezoning. He wanted Hee to run for mayor, but Hee demurred, at which point Cayetano put aside the dignity that comes from being a retired governor and committed to the indignities of running for mayor.

Despite the many antecedent disclosures of City waste and mismanagement, it took Cayetano’s candidacy to tilt public opinion from a slight pro-Rail plurality to an anti-Rail majority. And with that, the election of 2012 was suddenly huge.

In the face of an increasingly effective opposition to the Rail, the pro-Rail argument has been retrenched repeatedly. The project that first was sold as solving Oahu’s traffic problem (no) became a “jobs/jobs” program (no), then an energy-saving program (not really), and then it became a transit-oriented development program (yes). Most lately and ludicrously, its purpose is to save Oahu from urban sprawl.

The million-dollar attacks on Cayetano, led by none other than PRP, have shifted from debating his stance on Rail to an insistence that he is a person of low character, an extraordinary fabrication in light of his record as a hard-nosed reformer and particularly in light of his role in busting up the old boys of the old Bishop Estate. In addition to PRP, Imua Rail has emerged from the closet, revealing a blue-ribbon list of corporate interests that essentially are based, either directly or indirectly, in the development industry.

And now for the most interesting part of all: As this history unfolded, the election has become not only about the environment but about the distribution of political power. It is about whether money and muscle rule, and whether reputations made by long service can be destroyed overnight by ruthless attack. Cayetano’s most telling line of the televised debates was: “… a select few have been running things for a long time. They have their fingers in nearly everything that affects our lives and our children’s future. They influence or intimidate politicians to do their bidding, and they try to crush those who don’t go along. They have taken over the political power which rightfully belongs to you, the people.”

In a more personal moment, Cayetano elaborated by saying that however well- intentioned this new elite, however many had become his friends as governor, they have become a contemporary version of the old elite. He remembers such people well: they are the people “who for too long controlled the lives of my parents and grandparents.” And in that choice of words lies the most convincing clue as to why he is saying, “I see this election year as an opportunity for the people to begin the transformation of Hawaii politics.”

If he wins, a Mayor Cayetano will have what a Governor Cayetano never had, for all the centralized powers of the governorship. He will be the leader of an aroused electorate. He has unleashed something that politicians dream of but virtually never experience. Wherever he goes, people yell at him, “Hey Ben!” they say, “No Rail!”



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This week

2013 Summer Books

On a breezy May evening, in the courtyard of the state library, local publishers, writers and book designers gathered to celebrate the 2013 Ka Palapala Pookela Awards, sponsored by the Hawaii Book Publishers Association. The place was packed, and I was struck by such a healthy showing for an industry whose demise has been predicted since before the advent of Amazon.

Unlikely Pairings

I was intrigued recently to channel surf upon a deft interview of Susanna Moore on PBS Hawaii. Moore is the nationally acclaimed author of nine books, perhaps best known for her luminous My Old Sweetheart and other Hawaii novels, as well as the rough-sex 2004 noir In the Cut.

A Long Lost Era

Kabuki Boy, a novel, reads almost like an autobiography filled with vivid details that transport us to 19th-century Japan during the “Tokugawa Era.” Fast-paced and humorous, it aptly dramatizes an ancient dramatic art. The hierarchy between the social classes of samurai, geisha, peasants and monks comes alive from the page, seen through the eyes of Myo, a young boy aspiring to become a kabuki actor.

Panek Point

Calling this big fat novel Hawaii was bound to raise eyebrows. Hey, come run to the schoolyard to watch Mark Panek throw down!

Inward Journey

Beautifully designed, with outstanding photography of India and Tibet by Linda Connor, the newest edition of Manoa is especially ambitious in its choice of subject/theme. It attempts to present diverse interpretations of the meanings and implications of the term “freedom,” doing so in the forms of fiction, essays, poetry, memoir and drama.

Gardens

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Community

In a poetry class I teach at Windward Community College, a student recently did a presentation on coming-out poems and presented her own. One of her peers asked a thoughtful question: “If you are a gay, are you automatically part of the gay community?” It’s a question I’ve had about being Asian American–and a poet.

Cruelty

In Wing Tek Lum’s poem “The Red Circle,” a sergeant teaches his soldiers how to use a bayonet during Japan’s infamous occupation of Nanjing, China in 1937: “With a nub of red chalk / our sergeant marks off / a crude circle in the center / of the chest.” The men are instructed to stab everywhere, except the heart. A quick death would be too kind–too merciful.

Wit

“We are selves in a world because we have words,” writes the late poet Tony Quagliano in the preface of his book, Language Matters. In this masterful collection, every line absorbs the reader into the writer’s world, revealing his intimate thoughts on politics, writing, Hawaii and life.

The Romance of Sunset

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Love Lore

In Huna Magic: The Hawaiian Odyssey, Dawn Star puts on a modern spin on Hawaiian mythology and folklore. Set in ancient Hawaii, the book starts off with the classic forbidden love story between a young woman, Kuulei ke Anuenue and a handsome man, Kai, who happens to be the chiefess’s love slave.

Reassembling

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Green Noir

Set in Hawaii, Saving Paradise, Mike Bond’s sixth detective novel, tells a passable if unevenly written story featuring one Pono Hawkins, a Special Forces vet (Afghanistan), celebrated international surfer and correspondent for ocean magazines. He also insinuates himself into the woes of others, in this case a beautiful young thing whose lifeless body bumps into Hawkins as he goes surfing at dawn.

Decolonizing Our Future

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Navigating Selves

Leilani Holmes’s richly chronicled journey toward a reconnection with her Kanaka Maoli culture opens with the epigraph: “For those who came before us. In hopes that we act on behalf of your bones.” Ancestry of Experience is a thoroughly researched and deeply genealogical journey.

Think Pink

There’s something foreboding about the cover of Pink Globalization. It’s a dark, monochromatic picture of an enormous grey Hello Kitty gazing ominously into the night in front of a corporate-looking building. The picture is certainly intriguing and symbolic–Hello Kitty is taking over the world.

Hardships, Loneliness, Triumphs

A deeply researched and careful weaving of previously unheard voices can be found in Mai Lepera, adding another layer about leprosy patients exiled to settlements at Makanalua peninsula in the 19th century. Keri A.

Transcending Prejudice

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Mano

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Charts for the Band

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Racism of Record

Compiled by Christopher LaVoie, Annexation! presents the imperialist agendas of the U.S.

Charting Our Ancestral Past

Hawaiki Rising by Sam Low tells the epic saga of voyaging on the Hokulea, which, as every Island schoolchild should know, is a traditionally constructed Hawaiian sailing vessel that is steered by observing natural elements, without instruments or maps. Low, a part-Hawaiian anthropologist who participated in three voyages, follows the Hokulea through conception, construction, and navigation.

From the Outside

The feeling of being an outsider in one’s beloved homeland is the theme underpinning Pamela Frierson’s fluid and honest nature writing. In her books, The Last Atoll: Exploring Hawaii’s Endangered Ecosystems and The Burning Island: Myth and History in Volcano Country, Hawaii, Frierson explores Hawaii’s unique ecosystems, while also searching for personal relevance where she grew up very aware of being merely a “second-generation colonist.” The shadows of a world unknown drive the writer, teacher and homesteader to attach to the landscape, pursuing a deeper understanding of Hawaii’s natural order, and, through those experiences, a sense of belonging.

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Donald Hodel’s Loulu: The Hawaiian Palm is winner of this year’s Ka Palapala Award for Excellence in Natural Science. Loulu the Hawaiian Palm Donald R.

Missed Connections

Charlotte A. Tomaino, neuropsychologist and former nun, started with the intriguing concept of explaining how grace and spirituality can “awaken” the brain to a fuller potential through expanded consciousness.

The Naked Truth

Sharon Hicks’ How Do You Grab a Naked Lady recounts the relationship between Hicks, her mentally ill mother and idealist father. We meet Hicks at age 16 as she witnesses her mother parading around a mall in the buff, yelling and cursing–one of many manic episodes we’ll see during the book.

Last Train to Ho’opili?

One paradox of TheLast Train to Zona Verde, Paul Theroux’s 46th book and his latest about Africa, is that it’s also one of the best meditations on Hawaii you’ll ever read. But first, why Africa?

Every Reader for Himself

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Island Girl

Last weekend, Susanna Moore was in town to read from her new novel, The Life of Objects. A striking beauty–high cheekbones, fine features, long white hair with an inky streak that matches her brilliant black eyes–she wore a sleeveless blouse, full cotton skirt and rubber slippers.

A Traveling Light

We were out at Tongg’s surf break when the world’s best-traveled writer paddled past in a kayak. I said, “Paul Theroux?” Mindy nodded.

CIVIX

KAKAAKO MEETINGS The HCDA will host a series of meetings to discuss the Kakaako redevelopment plan and how rail will fit in with those plans. The meetings are open to the public.

Make Our Day

On May 13, Common Cause Hawaii assembled a panel, titled “The Good, the Bad and the Ugly,” to deconstruct lessons from the recently ended 2013 Legislative Session. Commentators included Rep.

Homeless Plan

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Pacific Pivot

During a 2011 speech to the Australian Parliament, President Obama declared: “The United States will play a larger and long term role in shaping [the Pacific] region and its future.” On May 10, the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) Pacific Forum hosted a panel discussion that sought to determine what a U.S. “pivot” toward the region would look like and what the reaction to increased U.S.

The homeless experience

I picked up your May 15 issue with great anticipation because on the cover was a photo of a person experiencing homelessness who I have had numerous interactions with (“Derelict Downtown,” May 15). He is someone I have always found to be articulate and friendly–an ideal person to talk to if one wishes to learn about experiencing homelessness.

Hawaiian rights

The puppetmasters controlling the creation of the Hawaiian Nation have manipulated Hawaiians who have signed up for any Hawaiian registry to become captive members of Kanaiolowalu, the Native Hawaiian Roll Commission. Those bills were heard this session and were passed by the Senate in the Tourism and Hawaiian Affairs Committee chaired by Brickwood Galuteria and the Judiciary and Labor Committe chaired by Clayton Hee, although the forced enrollment is unconstitutional.

Money over land

The Land Use Commission, the Honolulu Planning Commission, the Zoning Variance Commissions and all the other BS commissions are hijacked by big business (“Hoopili Miss,” May 15). Judge Rhonda Nishimura’s head is buried in the sand if she doesn’t recognize the votes were bought.

Cinema for all

I try to not miss a Redford film, and, of course, I can relate to events of the ’60s (“Last Round-Up,” May 8). It is disappointing that The Company You Keep is being shown only at Kahala Theatre.

Tea time

Aloha, I am Elyse. Please let me know if you have any questions, I would love to answer them (“Just Our Cup of Tea,” May 15).

Corrections

In last week’s “Derelict Downtown” (May 15), we mistakenly listed Kirk Caldwell’s campaign phone number. To contact the Mayor, please call 768-4141.